Ripon Races & Results 1 Tuesday 26th August 2025 UK Horse Racing Speed Ratings & Tips

Ripon Races & Results Tomform Tuesday 26th August 2025

There were 28 Races on Tuesday 26th August 2025 across 4 meetings. There was 6 races at Ripon, 6 races at Musselburgh, 8 races at Lingfield, 8 races at Bellewstown, no doubt Tomform helped you find a winner.

Races & Results Tuesday 26th August 2025

The data in the racecards below is for the past year. View the racecard key.

14:05 Ripon (Class 5) 9f - 6 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	7 1st (7) (5/1 -11%) Bay Dream Believer	5 5/1(-11%)	(7) Bay Dream Believer 5/1, Up 2lb and ran to form when overcoming trouble to land a handicap by a neck off 59 here last time. Usually held up. Suited by 10f on a sound surface and should remain competitive off the revised mark. Has won her last two (C&D last time) and no surprise if she completes the hat-trick.
2	4 2nd (4) (13/8 +51%) Triple Force	1.625 13/8(+51%)	(4) Triple Force 13/8, Game and all out, but produced another good effort when scoring by 1 1/2l off 59 at Beverley in June on second run in a visor. Suited by 10f on a sound surface. Latest run worth marking up and capable of better. Improved for this visor going on; runner-up on his last two starts; can make a bold bid.
3	8 3rd (8) (11/1 -83%) Little Ted	11 11/1(-83%)	(8) Little Ted 11/1, Overcame trouble at the start to take advantage of a reduced mark, scoring by 1/2l off 54 over 8f at Leicester three starts back. Ran to form when second, beaten a neck off 56 last time. Acts on good to soft and good to firm over 8-10f. Remains well treated on old form. Three-time C&D winner; beaten just a neck by Bay Dream Believer over C&D ten days ago.
4	5 4th (5) (8/1 +20%) Poet's Dawn	8 8/1(+20%)	(5) Poet's Dawn 8/1, Well backed and ran to form when scoring by a nose off 63 at Beverley on his penultimate start. Ran to form again when third, beaten 4 1/2l off 67 last time. From a top course trainer. Effective from 1m to 1m2f. In form though current mark could be stiff. Runs well more often than not but this 10yo may be vulnerable against some thriving rivals.
5th	1 5th (1) (4/1 -33%) Time Tested	4 4/1(-33%)	(1) Time Tested 4/1, Well backed when landing a handicap by 1 1/4l off 68 at Chelmsford last time. Better form has come on the all-weather. The pick on the balance of form. Progressive in AW handicaps; reverts to turf after a break but has shown promise on grass.
6th	3 6th (3) (17/2 +23%) Woodstock City	8.5 17/2(+23%)	(3) Woodstock City 17/2, Won this last year. Made too much use of in first-time cheekpieces and was well beaten in a handicap over 11f at Yarmouth latest. Generally out of form but has a significant jockey booking. Effective at 10-12f on a sound surface and mark becoming more workable. Hard to fancy on recent evidence but now 8lb lower than when winning this 12 months ago.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

14:05 Ripon (Class 5) 9f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 5 race.

Bay Dream Believer beat Little Ted by a neck over track and trip 10 days ago and that form is likely to be upheld. Triple Force has taken the silver medal home the last twice and should remain competitive, but POET'S DAWN gets the nod. The veteran could only manage third in a stronger event over C&D on his latest outing, but shared the spoils at Beverley prior and is just 2lb higher here.

Topweight TIME TESTED is taken to transfer his progressive AW handicap form back to turf. Triple Force is second choice.

14:05 Ripon (Class 5) 9f PREDICTION SIMULATION

14:35 Ripon (Class 4) 5f - 8 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	2 1st (2) (14/1 -27%) Kind Touch	14 14/1(-27%)	(2) Kind Touch 14/1, 26 Feb; 48,000 euros breeze-up purchase by Kodi Bear; half-brother to Hubert, very useful at 7f; dam very smart at 7f at 2yo; wide draw; should be sharp sort 48,000euros 2yo breeze-ups; trainer's 2yos have been running well; could have part to play.
2	5 2nd (5) (6/4 0%) Schrodinger's Cat	1.5 6/4(0%)	(5) Schrodinger's Cat 6/4, Well backed, missed the break and didn't get the best trip when fourth beaten 3/4l in a novice at Musselburgh latest; cheekpieces first time; suited by 5f and sound surface; typically sharp sprinting 2yo Expensive to follow but his form is still much better than today's rivals have achieved.
3	8 3rd (8) (9/1 -29%) Lady Kodiac	9 9/1(-29%)	(8) Lady Kodiac 9/1, 11 Mar; Kodiac filly; half-sister to Caffu Zafeen, useful from 6f to 7f; dam smart at 10f; interesting debutant but farther may have suited better Dam German 1m1f Listed winner; takes on males on debut but monitor the betting.
4	3 4th (3) (15/8 +25%) Noble Vow	1.875 15/8(+25%)	(3) Noble Vow 15/8, Minor late gains without being given hard time third when beaten 8 1/2l in a novice over 6f at Salisbury debut; quite speedily-bred; should make normal improvement Yard 5-12 with 2yos here in last five years; could take big step forward on second start.
5th	4 5th (4) (12/1 -9%) Rogue Rebellion	12 12/1(-9%)	(4) Rogue Rebellion 12/1, Alone on wrong side in the closing stages when well beaten in a maiden at Beverley only start; tongue-tie first time; bred for speed; small, pottery action, doesn't instil confidence Well beaten on last month's debut but had excuses; interesting to see if backers return.
6th	1 6th (1) (12/1 +0%) Go Lockers Go	12 12/1(+0%)	(1) Go Lockers Go 12/1, Good attitude and solid effort finishing 7 1/4l third in a maiden over 6f at Hamilton most recent run; hood first time; may be best suited by 5f; could be a bit to come Well beaten on both starts but the drop back in trip and first-time hood could both help.
7th	7 7th (7) (18/1 -100%) Tafah	18 18/1(-100%)	(7) Tafah 18/1, Very green, ran through tiring rivals late when third beaten 4 1/2l in a maiden over 6f at Bath debut; speedily-bred; should have learned plenty for first run Third at Bath on last month's debut; that wasn't a great race but he's open to improvement.
8th	6 8th (6) (100/1 -52%) Soul Warrior	100 100/1(-52%)	(6) Soul Warrior 100/1, Didn't settle early and tired badly late when well beaten in a maiden over 6f at Haydock only start; speedily-bred; needs to settle to improve Bred to have a future but he may be one for further down the line.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

14:35 Ripon (Class 4) 5f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 4 race.

Schrodinger's Cat brings plenty of experience to the table and sets the standard with an official rating of 78, but he has failed to justify favouritism in each of his last two starts and NOBLE VOW makes more appeal. Richard Hannon's colt shaped with promise when third on debut over 6f at Salisbury and if the son of No Nay Never takes a step forward from that performance, he could prove hard to beat. Any market support behind newcomer Lady Kodiac would be interesting.

This could go to NOBLE VOW, who showed promise on his recent debut and represents a trainer with an excellent record with 2yos here.

14:35 Ripon (Class 4) 5f PREDICTION SIMULATION

15:05 Ripon (Class 5) 5f - 7 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	1 1st (1) (15/8 +6%) Hanney Girl	1.875 15/8(+6%)	(1) Hanney Girl 15/8, Improved when dropped in grade in a first-time tongue tie, winning a Beverley maiden by 3/4l last time; top course jockey/trainer combination; effective at 5f on good to firm and good to soft; steadily progressing. Won maiden at Beverley on fifth and latest start and she's respected on her nursery debut.
2	2 2nd (2) (10/3 -11%) Straight Ahead	3.333333 10/3(-11%)	(2) Straight Ahead 10/3, A bit keen but improved when dropped in trip under a positive ride on handicap debut, beaten 2 1/2l off 69 at Musselburgh last time; suited by 5f; on a good mark and can win if settling better. Second of five at Musselburgh on nursery debut despite hanging right; could build on that.
3	5 3rd (5) (5/1 +50%) Rotokura Belle	5 5/1(+50%)	(5) Rotokura Belle 5/1, Forced to switch and had a bit too much to do when fourth, beaten 5l in a Beverley maiden last time; wide draw; effective at 5f on a sound surface; quite small. Nursery debut; of interest on her Windsor third but a lesser run followed at Beverley.
4	4 4th (4) (4/1 +0%) Sinj	4 4/1(+0%)	(4) Sinj 4/1, Ran to form when beaten 3/4l off 67 at Thirsk last time; effective on good, good to firm and good to soft; shows plenty of speed and best at 5f. Very close 4th of 6 on nursery debut at Thirsk; stable has excellent record with 2yos here.
5th	8 5th (8) (9/1 +10%) Dakota Dawn	9 9/1(+10%)	(8) Dakota Dawn 9/1, Made too much use of when beaten 4l in a Beverley nursery last time; effective at 5f on good ground; yet to match maiden form. Needs to improve upon what she's shown in her two nurseries.
6th	7 6th (7) (33/1 -50%) Runninman	33 33/1(-50%)	(7) Runninman 33/1, Poor run when comfortably held in a 6f novice at Carlisle last time; generally out of form; trainer in form; yet to build on debut; needs more in handicaps. Big odds and down field on all 3 starts; useful pedigree; check betting on nursery debut.
7th	6 7th (6) (14/1 +30%) Powernap	14 14/1(+30%)	(6) Powernap 14/1, A bit below form on softer ground when well beaten in a Beverley maiden last time; probably has a bit more to come in handicaps. 100-1 fourth on the middle of her three starts; could have potential off opening mark.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

15:05 Ripon (Class 5) 5f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 5 race.

Hanney Girl got off the mark at the fifth time of asking at Beverley last month and has her first attempt at a nursery. Straight Ahead showed progression when second at Musselburgh and is noted, but SINJ is worth another chance. The daughter of Too Darn Hot failed to live up to market expectations when only fourth at Thirsk, but can be excused as she bled from the nose. Off an unchanged rating, she could bounce back to score.

The filly HANNEY GIRL is the only one of these to have won previously and she is taken to follow up that victory in a maiden at Beverley

15:05 Ripon (Class 5) 5f PREDICTION SIMULATION

15:35 Ripon (Class 4) 6f - 12 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	13 1st (13) (15/2 +17%) Mark's Choice	7.5 15/2(+17%)	(13) Mark's Choice 15/2, Scored by 1 1/4l off 58 here three starts back; did not stay when ninth beaten 13l off 63 last time. A Ripon specialist at 6f and on a competitive mark. Eight-time course winner, the latest in June on sole previous run in these cheekpieces.
2	3 2nd (3) (7/1 +36%) Woodstock	7 7/1(+36%)	(3) Woodstock 7/1, Outpaced and unsuited by the drop in trip when beaten 7l in a handicap here last time. Blinkers first time; effective at 7f on good to firm or good to soft but lacks pace for shorter. Down to a dangerous mark but patchy form across last few starts; change of headgear.
3	1 3rd (1) (4/1 +0%) Kats Bob	4 4/1(+0%)	(1) Kats Bob 4/1, Game when scoring by 1/2l off 80 at York in June; ran to form when third beaten 4 1/4l off 81 last time. Consistent over 6f on a sound surface and now back on last winning mark. Five wins this year and third of 15 over C&D ten days ago; contender.
4	8 4th (8) (18/1 +28%) Cairdeas	18 18/1(+28%)	(8) Cairdeas 18/1, Below form when beaten 7l in a handicap over 7f at York last time. Effective at 6-7f but inconsistent. Has edged down the weights but was down the field at 40-1 on last month's stable debut.
5th	12 5th (12) (33/1 +0%) The Green Man	33 33/1(+0%)	(12) The Green Man 33/1, Never competitive after missing the break when well beaten in a 7f handicap at Catterick latest. Effective at 6/7f and acts on any ground but has lost form. 4-time winner who is on a reduced mark but he's dropped down the weights for good reason.
6th	5 6th (5) (9/1 -13%) Ziggy's Ariel	9 9/1(-13%)	(5) Ziggy's Ariel 9/1, Made too much use of but ran to form when fourth beaten 5 1/4l in a handicap here latest. Steadily progressive, enjoys making it, though has a wide draw. Goes well at Ripon and back on a workable mark. 3yo whose best efforts this season have come here and she's firmly in calculations.
7th	6 7th (6) (25/1 -56%) Ay Gee Ell	25 25/1(-56%)	(6) Ay Gee Ell 25/1, Made too much use of up in grade and trip chasing the leader, not getting home when beaten 8 1/2l in a Doncaster handicap last time. In good form prior and returns from a break; effective at 5f but stamina for 6f remains unproven; generally consistent. 3yo who has been second on three of his seven starts; gelded since last time; a possible.
8th	9 8th (9) (28/1 -12%) Count D'orsay	28 28/1(-12%)	(9) Count D'orsay 28/1, Below form up in grade and not at the same level nowadays when down the field in a Chepstow handicap most recent. Has a top course jockey/trainer combination but wide draw. Needs some give in the ground; veteran sprinter out of form in 2025 though now on a workable mark. Well handicapped on last year's form but yet to finish better than sixth this season.
9th	2 9th (2) (9/2 +44%) Raffles Angel	4.5 9/2(+44%)	(2) Raffles Angel 9/2, Travelled well when winning by 1/2l off 74 at Haydock penultimate start; below form up in grade off a revised mark when eighth beaten 7l off 77 last time. Effective at 6f on a sound surface, though handicapper may have caught up. Did well to win at Haydock and may not have been suited by return to AW subsequently.
10th	7 10th (7) (13/2 -18%) Lesley's Boy	6.5 13/2(-18%)	(7) Lesley's Boy 13/2, Hinted at revival off a reduced mark in a first-time visor when beaten 3l off 75 at Doncaster last time. Usually held up and has a wide draw; effective at 6f on good ground. Yet to add to 2yo wins and needs to build on that revival. Big step back in the right direction when third in first-time visor at Doncaster last time.
11th	10 11th (10) (14/1 -56%) Chuti Manika	14 14/1(-56%)	(10) Chuti Manika 14/1, Travelled well when scoring by a head off 71 at Catterick three starts back; made too much use of chasing the leader when fourth beaten 6 1/2l off 73 last time. Effective at 6f on good to firm or good to soft; generally consistent but below par last twice. 3yo who won at Catterick last month but two lesser runs have followed.
12th	4 12th (4) (7/1 +50%) Wreck It Ryley	7 7/1(+50%)	(4) Wreck It Ryley 7/1, Won this race last year. Outpaced and below form when down the field in a handicap here most recent, though in good form prior. Wide draw; effective at 6f on good or soft; may need to come down a few lbs. Below par over C&D recently but some good runs this season and won this 12 months ago.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

15:35 Ripon (Class 4) 6f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 4 race.

KATS BOB was a creditable third from a similarly low draw in the Silver Cup over C&D 10 days ago and the seven-year-old is an attractive proposition back here. Ziggy's Ariel, a length behind in fourth in that race, also merits close inspection, while previous C&D winner Raffles Angel boasts solid credentials too. Lesley's Boy is the pick of Richard Fahey's pair and he completes the shortlist.

The veteran course specialist MARK'S CHOICE (nap) made all over C&D in June and can make it 2-2 in the cheekpieces, which go back on.

15:35 Ripon (Class 4) 6f PREDICTION SIMULATION

16:05 Ripon (Class 5) 8f - 8 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	4 1st (4) (7/2 +61%) Thats My Boy Luke	3.5 7/2(+61%)	(4) Thats My Boy Luke 7/2, Yard has won two of the last ten runnings. Won going away by 3l off 59 here in July. Ran to form when seventh, beaten 3l off 66 last time. Best at 1m, may not stay 10f, and ideally needs a sound surface. Sole win came over C&D last month and he's not ruled out now back here.
2	5 2nd (5) (12/1 -60%) Travis	12 12/1(-60%)	(5) Travis 12/1, Raced freely when winning by a head off 61 over 7f at Thirsk in July. Forced wide after a slow start when fifth, beaten 4 1/4l off 62 last time. Wide draw today; effective at 6f/7f. In solid form before latest. Narrow win over 7f at Thirsk last month; stamina to prove at this new trip.
3	2 3rd (2) (13/2 -18%) Pisanello	6.5 13/2(-18%)	(2) Pisanello 13/2, Missed the break and was poorly placed when fourth, beaten 6 1/2l in a handicap at Hamilton last time. Usually held up, with a top jockey back on board, but overall profile is regressive. 12lb lower than when close third over C&D in April but hasn't got competitive since.
4	7 4th (7) (11/1 -267%) Dumfries	11 11/1(-267%)	(7) Dumfries 11/1, Ran to form overcoming trouble to win a handicap by 1l off 55 over 7f at Beverley last time. Effective from 7f to 1m and suited by fast ground. Remains competitive off a revised mark. Strong finishes for his 7.4f wins at Beverley this summer; key player up 5lb for last time.
5th	8 5th (8) (14/1 -100%) Mrbluesky	14 14/1(-100%)	(8) Mrbluesky 14/1, Keen and did too much too soon when beaten 4l off 60 at Beverley last time over a slightly longer trip. Effective at 7f/1m on good to firm or good to soft. Running off his last winning mark. Won off this mark on Newcastle AW in February but not at same level on turf this summer.
6th	1 6th (1) (7/2 +71%) Bowood	3.5 7/2(+71%)	(1) Bowood 7/2, Produced another poor run after missing the break, beaten 5 1/2l in a handicap here last time. Usually held up and effective from 7f to 1m on a sound surface, but slow starts remain an issue. A case can be made on his June third at Doncaster but two lesser runs have followed.
7th	6 7th (6) (18/5 +40%) Jesmond Dawn	3.6 18/5(+40%)	(6) Jesmond Dawn 18/5, Won this race last year. Keen but never threatened when beaten 3 1/2l off 63 at Carlisle last time. Best at 1m on a sound surface and is now back on his last winning mark. Not at the top of his game elsewhere of late but likes it here and won this last season.
8th	3 8th (3) (6/1 -9%) Clear Angel	6 6/1(-9%)	(3) Clear Angel 6/1, Keen early but still ran to form when beaten 2l off 66 at Thirsk last time. Effective at 1m. Not the force of old, but the handicapper is relenting and there are hints of better to come. Without a win since June 2023 but a good third on last two starts and can be thereabouts.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

16:05 Ripon (Class 5) 8f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 5 race.

Dumfries has already won three times this season and may well cope with another 5lb rise after his latest success at Beverley, but he could be worth taking on as he step back up in class. Competing off 16lb below his last winning rating, PISANELLO shades the vote, while last year's winner Jesmond Dawn is not ruled out off 1lb lower.

Last year's winner JESMOND DAWN has a good record at Ripon and earns the vote ahead of Dumfries, who is enjoying a fine season.

16:05 Ripon (Class 5) 8f PREDICTION SIMULATION

16:35 Ripon (Class 6) 16f - 7 Run Class & Speed Card

Info	Form	Odds	Comments
1	3 1st (3) (4/1 +11%) Regally Blonde	4 4/1(+11%)	(3) Regally Blonde 4/1, Game when scoring by a neck off 54 over 1m6f at Nottingham three starts back. Outpaced but ran to form when fourth, beaten 11l off 57 last time. Acts on good to firm and good to soft, effective at 14f; worth another try at 2m. Won over 1m6f at Nottingham last month; the return to 2m is well worth a go.
2	6 2nd (6) (14/1 -40%) Lillistar	14 14/1(-40%)	(6) Lillistar 14/1, Did plenty early when lit up by first-time blinkers, beaten 4 1/4l in a 10f handicap at Pontefract last time. Usually consistent but has a bit to find. Twice runner-up over hurdles in the spring; needs to better her subsequent Flat form.
3	2 3rd (2) (11/4 -10%) Dereham	2.75 11/4(-10%)	(2) Dereham 11/4, Scored by 6 1/2l off 52 at Newmarket (July) on his penultimate start. Too much to do but ran to form when second, beaten 9l off 58 last time. Acts on any ground, effective over 14f+; in good form. In good form this season and won comprehensively two starts ago; key player.
4	4 4th (4) (11/4 -38%) Sea Master	2.75 11/4(-38%)	(4) Sea Master 11/4, Raced freely when scoring by a short head off 52 over 1m5f at Hamilton on his penultimate start. Cheekpieces first time; effective from 12f to 16f; consistent this year. 1m5f win at Hamilton then second of four over 2m at Beverley; in the mix.
5th	1 5th (1) (9/4 +44%) Queensland Boy	2.25 9/4(+44%)	(1) Queensland Boy 9/4, Yard won this last year; well treated at the weights when scoring by 4l off 54 at Lingfield in May. Ran to form when fourth, beaten 4 1/4l off 61 last time. Effective at 2m; acts on soft; inconsistent. Two AW wins in May; behind progressive 3yos when fourth of five latest; not ruled out.
6th	5 6th (5) (22/1 -83%) Team Endeavour	22 22/1(-83%)	(5) Team Endeavour 22/1, Ran to form when beaten 5 1/4l in a handicap at Redcar last time. Effective at 2m on a sound surface; unreliable since a layoff. 2nd two starts ago but good runs have been scarce this year; failed to threaten last time.
7th	7 7th (7) (200/1 -203%) Bovey Belle	200 200/1(-203%)	(7) Bovey Belle 200/1, Outpaced and continued in poor form when down the field in a 12f handicap at Catterick most recently. Usually consistent but exposed as poor. Lightly raced 3yo who has failed to beat a rival in either handicap start.

LTO Selection:hiden content, hiden content, hiden content, hiden content

16:35 Ripon (Class 6) 16f Race Class Flow

The chart reads from right to left to today's class 6 race.

DEREHAM fluffed the start at Yarmouth and did well to get up for second in the circumstances. That run can safely be forgiven and and he is better judged on his ready success over 2m at Newmarket on his previous appearance. Sea Master has form that ties in with the runner-up from that race and can figure if perked up by first-time cheekpieces. Regally Blonde and Lillistar complete the shortlist.

The 9yo DEREHAM has been in rude health this season and is taken to add to his dominant win at Newmarket in June.

16:35 Ripon (Class 6) 16f PREDICTION SIMULATION

Racecard Key

Ths is the racecard key.

Icon	Meaning
	TomForm top stats, gold rated
	TomForm top stats silver rated
	Ran similar race before
S	TomForm fatstest rated speed horse, last time out
T	Top Time speeed rated
	Top Racingpost rated
	At the races watchout for
	At the races top pick
	Top rated for thet statistic

How to use Tomform

Please Watch this short video that will help you learn how to use Tomform.com to filter out the runners and find a winner in each race.

This is the 16:15 Kempton race from the video above backed at 28/1 earlier in the day.

About U.K Horse Racing

Horse racing is a popular and historic sport in the UK, with a tradition dating back centuries. It is a multi-billion pound industry that attracts millions of spectators each year and generates significant economic activity.

There are two main types of horse racing in the UK: flat racing and jump racing. Flat racing is run on a level course and is typically shorter in distance, while jump racing involves horses jumping over obstacles and is generally longer in distance. Both types of racing are popular with spectators and bettors, and they take place at various racetracks throughout the country.

The most famous horse racing event in the UK is the Grand National, which is held annually at Aintree Racecourse in Liverpool. It is a jump racing event that is known for its challenging course and has become a national institution in the UK. Other notable horse racing events in the UK include the Derby, held at Epsom Downs Racecourse in Surrey, and the Royal Ascot, held at Ascot Racecourse in Berkshire.

Horse racing in the UK is regulated by the British Horseracing Authority (BHA), which sets rules and standards for the industry. It is responsible for the welfare of racehorses and the safety of jockeys and trainers, as well as ensuring fair and transparent racing practices.

In addition to its economic and cultural importance, horse racing in the UK also plays a significant role in the breeding and training of thoroughbred horses. Many of the world's top thoroughbreds are bred and trained in the UK, and the industry plays a vital role in the preservation and promotion of the breed.

Overall, horse racing is an integral part of British culture and a major contributor to the country's economy. It is a thrilling and exciting sport that continues to attract a loyal following and generate significant interest from spectators and bettors around the world.

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